The Department of Health and Human Services estimates that 906,000 children were victims of abuse or neglect in 2003. While physical injuries may or may not be immediately visible, abuse and neglect can have consequences for children, families and society that lasted for the last, if not generations.
The after-affects of abuse and neglect is discussed in terms of physical, psychological, behavioral, mental, behavioral, spiritual and social. In fact,However, it is impossible to separate completely. physical consequences (such as brain damage in the child's growth) can have psychological effects (mental retardation or emotional difficulties). Psychological problems often manifest as high-risk behaviors. Depression and anxiety a person more likely to smoke, abuse alcohol, use of illegal or prescription drugs and / or eating disorders. High-risk behaviors can lead to term physical health problems and sexual overdiseases, vaginal cancer, ovarian or breast cancer in women, prostate, testes in men, MS, chronic fatigue, lupus, etc.
Physical or sexual abuse can weaken immune 'to its systems for survivors, said Dr. Frank Putnam of the National Institute of Mental Health and Dr. Martin Teicher of Harvard Medical School. Putnam conducted studies of 170 girls, ages 6-15 half had been abused, half had not-for seven years. Abused girls displayed symptoms such as:
or abnormally highstress hormones, which can kill neurons in brain areas critical for thought and memory
or high levels of an antibody that weaken the immune system.
Teicher completed a series of studies of the brains of 402 children and adults, many of whom had been sexually or physically abused. Their findings revealed that sexual or physical abuse creates:
Or stop the growth of the left hemisphere of the brain that may hinder the development of language and logic
Growth of the right hemisphere of thebrain (the site of emotion) at an abnormally early age
After physical health effects:
The immediate effects of physical abuse or neglect can be relatively minor (bruises or cuts) or severe (broken bones, bleeding or death). In some cases these effects are temporary, but the pain and suffering they cause that a child needs to be addressed. Meanwhile, the long-term impact of abuse and neglect of physical health is becomingexplored.
Here are some of the results, the researchers found:
Or the shaken baby syndrome. The immediate effects of shaking a child (child abuse in children) may include vomiting, concussion, respiratory distress, convulsions and death. The long-term consequences can include blindness, learning disabilities, mental retardation, cerebral palsy or paralysis (Conway, 1998).
or development of the brain affected. abuse and neglect have shown, in some cases, because of important regionsthe brain does not form properly, resulting in impaired physical, mental and emotional (Perry, 2002; Shore, 1997). In other cases, the abuse of the response to chronic stress results in a "hyper" in some areas of the brain, which can cause hyperactivity, sleep disorders and anxiety and increased vulnerability to stress deficit disorder post-traumatic attention, or difficulties with hyperactivity, conduct disorder and learning and memory (Perry, 2001; Dallam,2001).
O poor physical health. A study of 700 children who had been in foster care than 1 year are more than a quarter of the children had some kind of recurring problems of mental or physical health (National Survey of Child and Adolescent Welfare) . A study of 9,500 HMO participants showed a relationship between the various forms of household dysfunction (including child abuse) and the period of long-term health problems such as sexually transmitted diseases, heart disease,cancer, chronic lung disease, bone fractures and liver disease (Hillis, Anda, Felitti, Nordenberg, and Marchbanks, 2000, Felitti, Anda, Nordenberg, Williamson, Spitz, Edwards, Koss, & Marks, 1998).
Psychological after effects:
The immediate effects of emotional abuse and neglect, isolation, fear and inability to trust, can lead to lifelong consequences such as low self-esteem, depression and relationship difficulties. Researchers have identified links betweenChild Abuse and Neglect and the following:
or mental and emotional ill health. In a long-term study, 80 percent of young adults who had been abused met the diagnostic criteria for at least one psychiatric disorder at age 21. These young people showed a lot of problems, including depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and suicide attempts (Silverman, Reinherz and Giaconia, 1996). Other conditions associated with psychological and emotional abuse and neglect include panicdisorder, dissociative disorder, attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder, post-traumatic stress and Reactive Attachment Disorder (Teicher, 2000).
or cognitive difficulties. The National Survey of Child and Adolescent well-being of children found on the recently developed outside the home because of abuse or neglect tended to score lower than the general population on measures of cognitive, language, and school success (2003).
or social difficulties. Childrenwho are abused and neglected by caretakers often do not securely attached to them. These early attachment difficulties can lead to later difficulties in relationships with adults and peers (Morrison, Frank, Holland, and Kates, 1999).
Behavior After Effects:
Not all victims of abuse and neglect will experience behavioral consequences, however, abuse and neglect seem to be more likely the following:
O difficulties in adolescence.Studies have found abused and neglected children by at least 25 percent more likely to have problems such as crime, teenage pregnancy, poor school performance, drug and mental health problems (Kelley et al., 1997).
Or juvenile delinquency and adult criminality. A study by the National Institute of Justice indicated that they were victims of abuse or neglect during childhood increased the likelihood of arrest as a juvenile by 59 percent. Abuse and neglect increased the likelihood of adultcriminal behavior by 28 percent and violent crime by 30 percent (Widom and Maxfield, 2001).
or alcohol and other drugs. Research consistently reflects an increased likelihood that abused and neglected children to smoke cigarettes, abuse alcohol or illegal drugs. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, two thirds of people in drug treatment programs reported being abused as children (2000).
or abusive behavior. Abusive parents often haveabused during childhood. It is estimated that approximately one third of children abused and neglected children end up penalizing (Prevent Child Abuse New York, 2001).
The company after effects:
While abuse and neglect usually occurs within the family, the impact does not end here. All of society pays a price for child abuse, both in terms of direct and indirect costs.
or direct costs. Direct costs are those relatedwith maintaining a child care system to investigate allegations of abuse and neglect, and the cost of law enforcement, judicial, health and mental health systems to respond and treatment of abused children and their families. Prevent Child Abuse America A 2001 report estimated that these costs are 24 billion U.S. $ year.
or indirect costs. Indirect costs represent the long-term economic consequences of abuse and neglect. These include juvenile and adultcriminal activities, mental and emotional dysfunction, substance abuse and domestic violence, loss of productivity due to unemployment and underemployment, the cost of special education services, and greater use of health care system. Prevent Child Abuse America recently estimated these costs are more than 69 billion U.S. $ year (2001).
Summary
The research has been done in the aftermath of abuse and neglect, the effects vary depending on thecircumstances of abuse or neglect, personal characteristics of the child and the child's environment. Mild or severe consequences if it lasts a lifetime, unless there is emotional and spiritual healing. Ultimately, due to costs related to public entities such as health, personal services, and educational systems, abuse and neglect impact not only the child and family, but society as a whole. Total estimated direct and indirect costs to society from abuse - verbal,physical, sexual and neglect is $ 103,000,000,000 per year.
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